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    From Climatology to Climate Science in the Twentieth Century
    (2018-07-18)
    Matthias Heymann
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    This chapter provides a short historical account of major developments and shifts in twentieth-century climate research. It explores a pattern of changes in the study of climate: from a geographical to a physical science; from an empirically focused study to a theory-based one; from the collection of measurements and descriptions to a search for causes and explanations; and from a bottom-up, local-scale practice to an increasingly top-down, global-scale science. The chapter pays particular attention to the roles of temporal and spatial scales, namely to the globalization of climate knowledge. A globalization of climate science and knowledge shifted attention away from local and regional human–climate interactions and the role of climate in human affairs to the investigation of purely physical processes, represented in differential equations.
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    Scopus© Citations 20
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    Climate Science: A culture of predictions
    (2019) ;
    Matthias Heymann
    ;
    Gabriel D. Henderson
    ;
    Janet Martin-Nielsen
    A web exhibition on history of climate modelling This website examines the emergence and predominance of climate modelling as a culture of prediction. It shows that the interests in climate and the research directions to investigate climate have been diverse and changed enormously during the twentieth century. From the 1970s on, climate modeling has played a major role in forging a scientific consensus about climatic change. One of its most important results have been climate projections. Based on simulations with complex Earth System Models such projections have become an iconic product of this thriving science. However, scientific consensus tends to hide the conflicts, complex negotiations and tangible interests behind the consensus itself. This exhibition attempts to show fundamental and contested changes in climate science by taking a look at a few crucial representatives of climate science and many relevant documents.
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