The overall economic costs associated with point-of-sale payments in Switzerland are by no means negligible. In 2022, the resource costs amounted to around CHF 7.3 billion. This corresponded to 0.95 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). The level of costs varies greatly depending on the stakeholder and means of payment. At 0.60 percent of GDP, merchants had the highest private costs due to transaction fees, while the financial sector had the highest resource costs at 0.53 percent of GDP. This is followed by consumers and the Swiss National Bank, whereby the costs for the SNB were minimal at around 0.03% of GDP each.