Now showing 1 - 10 of 34
  • Publication
    Empowering Local Electricity Markets : A survey study from Switzerland, Norway, Spain and Germany
    (Institute for Economy and the Environment, University of St. Gallen, 2017-10-03) ;
    Greater integration of renewable energy sources constitutes a key priority for successfully achieving agreed-upon climate goal targets. Nuclear phase out, decentralization of supply, liberalization, digital technological innovations, and the sharing economy are only some of the key issues that the energy industry is facing in the coming decade. Notwithstanding some of the associated challenges, a number of tremendous opportunities are also arising, and success can be achieved by introducing radically new business models. We are entering a period of so-called ‘platform revolution’: Platforms connect buyers and sellers in a virtual marketplace. Given the successful growth of platforms like Uber and Airbnb, it is difficult to ignore their disruptive potential for incumbent industries. This study uncovers the drivers of and barriers to developing platform solutions in the electricity market, notably ‘local electricity markets’. In local electricity markets, customers are empowered. They are connected through platforms. They actively participate in the marketplace by selling excess electricity that is produced locally using their own renewable sources, and by buying electricity that is locally produced. Consumers thus have the opportunity not only to consume, but also to produce electricity and to sell it in local markets, thereby, becoming prosumers! Local electricity markets constitute one of the most radical transformations, as they involve integrating renewable energy and selling it at the source. The agenda for empowering consumers and prosumers in such a local marketplace is long and challenging. It requires an adjustment of product and service offerings to better reflect existing and prospective consumer and prosumer needs. Putting existing and prospective consumers and prosumers center-stage is a critical step, if local electricity markets are to be a successful, forward-looking and sustainable solution. We firmly believe that the insights gained from this survey - which was conducted in four countries (Switzerland, Norway, Spain and Germany) - can be shared and acted upon by industry participants, consultants and citizens. The study was conducted by team members of the University of St. Gallen’s Good Energies Chair for Management of renewable energies, within the scope of the EU Horizon 2020 EMPOWER project (www.empowerh2020.eu).
  • Publication
    How Transnational Conflict leads to the Deinstitutionalization of a National Institution: The Case of Swiss Banking Secrecy
    (Academy of Management, 2015-08-08) ;
    From our case study on the deinstitutionalization of the Swiss banking secrecy, we developed a grounded process theory on how transnational institutional conflict leads to the deinstitu-tionalization of a national institution. Our theory suggests that deinstitutionalization unfolds through an interactive conflict process with four sequential practices of national actors' re-sistance and transnational challengers' power use. Our model highlights that when a national institution is problematized by transnational challengers, national institutional guardians' at-tempts at protecting the supremacy of the national institution can have important unintended consequences: On the one hand, by inducing feelings of safety among incumbent organiza-tions, guardians' protection work can motivate incumbent organizations to circumvent the demands of transnational challengers. On the other hand, by inducing feelings of outrage among transnational challengers, protection work can lead these challengers to escalate the institutional conflict. Together, these developments can provoke institutional breaches and contribute to deinstitutionalization of a national institution.
  • Publication
    The Process of Deinstitutionalization: The Case of Swiss Banking Secrecy
    Conceptualizing deinstitutionalization as the gradual erosion of a once-institutionalized organizational activity, we investigated the processes involved in institutional erosion, which we studied in an institutional conflict surrounding the incompatibility of Swiss banking secrecy with the global trend towards tax transparency. Our emerging grounded theory holds that institutional erosion resulted from a sequence of interaction practices between incumbents and challengers of the banking secrecy institution. This sequence combines two countervailing processes: incumbent resistance and challenger use of power. Our theoretical model highlights that incumbent resistance has important unintended consequences which contribute to deinstitutionalization. Our study has implications for research on deinstitutionalization, political perspectives on institutions, and research on transnational institutional settings.
  • Publication
    Making Complex Strategic Decisions: An Attention Load Perspective on Dynamics and Impact of Decision Context
    ( 2014-09-20)
    This paper advances both constraining and enabling attention load dynamics when executives make complex strategic decisions, in order to contribute a more fine-grained understanding of attention capacity limitations in complex settings. We argue that internal and external context factors -decision characteristics, decision frames and decision support- interact in complex ways to predict decision-makers' ability to develop a comprehensive and transferable mental model of the surrounding decision situation. The process framework highlights how extrinsic, intrinsic and germane attention load interact and compete for finite attention capacity. We wish to contribute to attention, strategic decision-making and upper echelons research.
  • Publication
    Strategic issue agendas and firm performance: A cognitive load perspective
    ( 2014-09-20)
    This study develops a more fine-grained understanding of the ways in which decision-makers' attention capacity limitations to attend to multiple issues shape organizations' strategic adaptation in the context of a major industry disruption. We argue that taking decision-makers' attention capacity limitations for granted may have limited our ability to understand how context factors shape executives' load dynamics which both enable and constrain organizations' strategic transformation. The paper introduces a cognitive load perspective to predict variation in strategic adaptation. We use qualitative and quantitative data in the context of Swiss private banks' adaptation to the regulatory, technological, macroeconomic, and globalization issues and discuss implications for our understanding of attention capacity limitations, of the characteristics and impact of strategic issues and agendas on organizational transformation.
  • Publication
    An Integrative Model of Attention Load and Its Roles When Solving Complex Problems in Organizations
    (Academy of Management, 2014-08-03) ;
    Both the constraining and enabling forces of attention load interact when decision-makers solve complex problems effectively. Synthesizing strands of educational, cognitive psychology, as well as organization research, we develop a conceptual process framework. It explains the ways in which extrinsic, intrinsic, and germane attention load dynamics shape attention capacity which is necessary for developing a mental model of the problem. In particular, the paper adds internal and external context elements -problem characteristics, frames and support- that influence how attention load unfolds within the problem-solving process. Contributions are intended to be made to attention, problem-solving and decision-making literatures, and to current efforts at making bounded rationality assumptions more humanistic.
  • Publication
    Overcoming Cognitive Inertia: The Role of Epistemic Motivation for Second-order Learning
    (Academy of Management Annual Meeting, 2013-08-09)
    Prior Population Ecology and Carnegie perspectives point to the social, individual, largely cognitive inertial forces that managers need to overcome in order to circumvent selective pressures. To address this issue this paper treats cognitive inertia as a liability of prior beliefs, to theorize on how beliefs and reasoning strategies come to be updated over time. Drawing from social-cognitive Dual Process Theories of Motivated Reasoning, this paper outlines determinants (cognitive ability and epistemic motivation) and a process model of second-order learning, where managers sometimes learn to overcome the liability of prior beliefs through reflective reasoning. Contributions to adaptive cognition, microfoundations of capabilities, and of collective inertia research are intended to be made.
  • Publication
    Towards an Attentional Capacity Model of Strategic Agenda Size : A Multi-Method Study in the Private Banking Industry
    (SMS Strategic Management Society, 2012-10-07) ;
    We examine whether and when executives' attentional capacity imposes limits to the number of strategic issues on their agenda. Based on a multi-method study of 79 private banks in Switzerland, Luxembourg, Austria, Singapore, and Hong Kong that face a broad range of issues in the regulatory, economic, and technological domains, we find that executives are able to attend to multiple issues simultaneously, but that their attentional capacity relates to the nature of the issue context. Issues tend to interact with each other and the more pervasive issues tend to consume more attentional capacity crowding out other issues. Moreover, the strategic agenda size shapes the richness of organizational change actions. Contributions are intended to be made to selective attention and strategic issue management research by theorizing the role of simultaneous issue processing and of the limits of attention.