Justus Vogel
Title
Dr.
Last Name
Vogel
First name
Justus
Email
justus.vogel@unisg.ch
ORCID
Phone
+41 71 224 32 44
33 results
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Item type:Publication, Hospitalizations and inpatient resource consumption of patients suffering from chronic disease – Past trend and forecast for Switzerland(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-11-24); ;Thomas Campbell-JamesBackground Chronic diseases are an increasing burden for Swiss healthcare. Demographic change aggravates the problem, with an ageing, multi-morbid population increasing the need for care while also depleting the healthcare workforce. Originally developed to assess the structural quality of and access to primary care, Potentially Avoidable Hospitalizations (PAHs) are an OECD-metric employed as an indicator of inpatient burden for various chronic diseases. So far, evidence on future PAH-burden remains limited. Aims (1) To assess the evolution of PAHs and associated resources (bed capacities, inpatient healthcare expenditures) in Switzerland for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertension and diabetes between 2012 and 2022, (2) to forecast PAHs until 2032, based on expected demographic change and (3) to explore methodologically how changes in primary care physician (PCP)-supply and countermeasures might influence future PAH-development. Methods We identified PAHs in retrospective routine hospital data and derived numbers of occupied hospital beds, based on cases’ length of stay, and inpatient healthcare expenditures, based on diagnosis-related group payments. We utilized population forecasts for Switzerland to extrapolate PAH-volume in the base scenario. Additionally, we predicted via linear regression how reduced ageing-induced PCP-availability might affect PAHs. Finally, we explored the potential impact of countermeasures, optimal Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT)-implementation, for CHF and COPD. Results The number of PAHs across all five chronic diseases increased from 30.1 to 40.2 thousand cases between 2012 and 2019 (+ 34%) and is projected to rise to 54.9 thousand cases until 2032 (+ 37%). We project PAH-volume to increase by an additional 11% by 2032 due to changes in PCP-supply. By 2032, optimal GDMT-implementation has the potential to reduce CHF- and COPD-related PAH-volumes by 31% (95% CI: 22.23–37.60%) and 14% (95% CI: 2.17–26.02%), respectively. Conclusions Our study assesses cumulative PAH-trends and is the first to forecast future burden in Switzerland. A strong rise in PAHs and associated inpatient resources was registered for the last decade, with accelerating growth expected throughout the next. A depleting healthcare workforce may exacerbate burden. Optimal GDMT-implementation could potentially curb increases in PAHs. However, methods to reach optimal implementation require further research and policy efforts.Type:journal articleJournal:BMC Health Services ResearchVolume:25Issue:1Scopus© Citations 3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, PROM-based monitoring and alerts reduce post-surgery healthcare utilization of patients undergoing joint replacement: A secondary analysis of the PROMoting Quality RCT(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-08-07); ;Schöner, Lukas; ;Wittich, LauraReinhard BusseObjective Healthcare systems increasingly face shortages of medical professionals, and simultaneously experience a rise in demand for healthcare services. In this study, we investigated whether a digital PROM-based monitoring and alert system for hip and knee replacement patients post-surgery can support in decreasing healthcare expenditures and utilization. Methods We used data from the randomized controlled trial PROMoting Quality, focusing on 546 hip and 492 knee replacement patients from nine German hospitals between October 2019 and December 2020 with available claims data. Patients were equally randomized into two groups: one receiving a PROM-based intervention at 1, 3, and 6 months post-surgery, the other receiving standard care. We compared 1-year post-surgery healthcare utilization using mixed-effects regression models. We further extrapolated the intervention effects to the German healthcare system. Findings Results showed post-surgery health expenditure reductions of 7.9% (-318.08, p = 0.015) for hip and 7.3% (-386.72, p = 0.053) for knee replacements. Significant decreases were observed in outpatient care contacts (-1.51, p = 0.005), physiotherapy sessions (-1.65, p = 0.037), and number of prescriptions (-2.14, p = 0.042) for hip replacements. For knee replacement patients, significant determinants of the cost differences were fewer prescriptions (-3.40, p = 0.013) and medical aids (-0.81, p = 0.041). Conclusion Our findings suggest that digital health interventions can reduce utilization and save scarce healthcare resources. It can be hypothesized that the “being taken care of” effect reduced the need for reassurance of the recovery progress, leading to fewer GP visits and decreased utilization of other healthcare services.Type:journal articleJournal:The European Journal of Health EconomicsScopus© Citations 4 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Retrospective evaluation of interval breast cancer screening mammograms by radiologists and AI(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-08-04); ;Morant, Rudolf; ;Gräwingholt, AxelObjectives To determine whether an AI system can identify breast cancer risk in interval breast cancer (IBC) screening mammograms. Materials and methods IBC screening mammograms from a Swiss screening program were retrospectively analyzed by radiologists/an AI system. Radiologists determined whether the IBC mammogram showed human visible signs of breast cancer (potentially missed IBCs) or not (IBCs without retrospective abnormalities). The AI system provided a case score and a prognostic risk category per mammogram. Results 119 IBC cases (mean age 57.3 (5.4)) were available with complete retrospective evaluations by radiologists/the AI system. 82 (68.9%) were classified as IBCs without retrospective abnormalities and 37 (31.1%) as potentially missed IBCs. 46.2% of all IBCs received a case score ≥ 25, 25.2% ≥ 50, and 13.4% ≥ 75. Of the 25.2% of the IBCs ≥ 50 (vs. 13.4% of a no breast cancer population), 45.2% had not been discussed during a consensus conference, reflecting 11.4% of all IBC cases. The potentially missed IBCs received significantly higher case scores and risk classifications than IBCs without retrospective abnormalities (case score mean: 54.1 vs. 23.1; high risk: 48.7% vs. 14.7%; p < 0.05). 13.4% of the IBCs without retrospective abnormalities received a case score ≥ 50, of which 62.5% had not been discussed during a consensus conference. Conclusion An AI system can identify IBC screening mammograms with a higher risk for breast cancer, particularly in potentially missed IBCs but also in some IBCs without retrospective abnormalities where radiologists did not see anything, indicating its ability to improve mammography screening quality. Key Points Question AI presents a promising opportunity to enhance breast cancer screening in general, but evidence is missing regarding its ability to reduce interval breast cancers. Findings The AI system detected a high risk of breast cancer in most interval breast cancer screening mammograms where radiologists retrospectively detected abnormalities. Clinical relevance Utilization of an AI system in mammography screening programs can identify breast cancer risk in many interval breast cancer screening mammograms and thus potentially reduce the number of interval breast cancers.Type:journal articleJournal:European Radiology - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Medication adherence halves COPD patients' hospitalization risk - Evidence from Swiss health insurance data(2024); ;Johannes Cordier; Medication adherence is vital for patients suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to mitigate long-term consequences. The impact of poor medication adherence on inferior outcomes like exacerbations leading to hospital admissions is yet to be studied using real-world data. Using Swiss claims data from 2015-2020, we group patients into five categories according to their medication possession ratio. By employing a logistic regression, we quantify each category’s average treatment effect of the medication possession ratio on hospitalized exacerbations. 13,557 COPD patients are included in the analysis. Patients with high medication adherence (daily medication reserve of 80% to 100%) are 51% less likely to incur exacerbation following a hospital stay than patients with the lowest medication adherence (daily medication reserve of 0% to 20%). The study shows that medication adherence varies strongly among Swiss COPD patients. Furthermore, high medication adherence immensely decreases the risk of hospitalized exacerbations.Type:journal articleScopus© Citations 19 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A Collection of Components to Design Clinical Dashboards Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: Qualitative Study(2024); ; ; ;Carla Walker<jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>A clinical dashboard is a data-driven clinical decision support tool visualizing multiple key performance indicators in a single report while minimizing time and effort for data gathering. Studies have shown that including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in clinical dashboards supports the clinician’s understanding of how treatments impact patients’ health status, helps identify changes in health-related quality of life at an early stage, and strengthens patient-physician communication.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objective</jats:title> <jats:p>This study aims to determine design components for clinical dashboards incorporating PROMs to inform software producers and users (ie, physicians).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We conducted interviews with software producers and users to test preselected design components. Furthermore, the interviews allowed us to derive additional components that are not outlined in existing literature. Finally, we used inductive and deductive coding to derive a guide on which design components need to be considered when building a clinical dashboard incorporating PROMs.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 25 design components were identified, of which 16 were already surfaced during the literature search. Furthermore, 9 additional components were derived inductively during our interviews. The design components are clustered in a generic dashboard, PROM-related, adjacent information, and requirements for adoption components. Both software producers and users agreed on the primary purpose of a clinical dashboard incorporating PROMs to enhance patient communication in outpatient settings. Dashboard benefits include enhanced data visualization and improved workflow efficiency, while interoperability and data collection were named as adoption challenges. Consistency in dashboard design components is preferred across different episodes of care, with adaptations only for disease-specific PROMs.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Clinical dashboards have the potential to facilitate informed treatment decisions if certain design components are followed. This study establishes a comprehensive framework of design components to guide the development of effective clinical dashboards incorporating PROMs in health care practice.</jats:p> </jats:sec>Type:journal articleJournal:Journal of Medical Internet ResearchVolume:26DOI:10.2196/55267Scopus© Citations 9 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, How to interpret patient-reported outcomes? - Stratified adjusted minimal important changes for the EQ-5D-3L in hip and knee replacement patients(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-11-25); ; ; ; Abstract Background As one of the main goals of hip and knee replacements is to improve patients’ health-related quality of life, a meaningful evaluation can be achieved by calculating minimal important changes (MICs) for improvements in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). This study aims at providing MICs adjusted for patient characteristics for EQ-5D-3L index score improvements after hip and knee replacements. It adds to existing literature by relying on a large national sample and precise clustering algorithms, and by employing a state-of-the-art methodology for the calculation of improved adjusted MICs. Methodology A retrospective observational study was conducted using the publicly available National Health Service (NHS) PROMs dataset for primary hip and knee replacements. We used information on 252,331 hip replacements and 279,668 knee replacements from all NHS-funded providers in England between 2013 and 2020. Clusters of patients were created based on pre-operative EQ-VAS, depression status, and sex. Unstratified and stratified estimates for meaningful EQ-5D-3L improvements were obtained through anchor-based predictive MICs corrected for the proportion of improved patients and the reliability of transition ratings Results Stratifying patients showed that MICs varied across subgroups based on pre-operative EQ-VAS, depression status, and sex. MICs were larger for patients with worse pre-operative EQ-VAS scores, while patients with better pre-operative scores required smaller MICs to achieve a meaningful change. We show how after stratification the percentage of patients achieving their stratified MIC was better in line with the actual share of improved patients. Larger MICs were found for patients with depression and for female patients. MICs calculated for knee replacements were consistently lower than those for hip replacements. Conclusions Our findings show the importance of adjusting MICs for patients’ characteristics and should be considered for quality-related choices and policy initiatives.Type:journal articleJournal:Journal of Patient-Reported OutcomesVolume:8Issue:1Scopus© Citations 3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Assessing the Relationship between Hospital Process Digitalization and Hospital Quality - Evidence from Germany.(2024-09-13); ;Haering, Alexander; Hospital digitalization aims to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and/ or improve quality of care. To assess a digitalization-quality relationship, we investigate the association between process digitalization and process and outcome quality. We use data from the German DigitalRadar (DR) project from 2021 and combine these data with two process (preoperative waiting time for osteosynthesis and hip replacement surgery after femur fracture, n = 516 and 574) and two outcome quality indicators (mortality ratio of patients hospitalized for outpatient-acquired pneumonia, n = 1,074; ratio of new decubitus cases, n = 1,519). For each indicator, we run a univariate and a multivariate regression. We measure process digitalization holistically by specifying three models with different explanatory variables: (1) the total DR-score (0 (not digitalized) to 100 (fully digitalized)), (2) the sum of DR-score sub-dimensions' scores logically associated with an indicator, and (3) sub-dimensions' separate scores. For the process quality indicators, all but one of the associations are insignificant. A greater DR-score is weakly associated with a lower mortality ratio of pneumonia patients (p < 0.10 in the multivariate regression). In contrast, higher process digitalization is significantly associated with a higher ratio of decubitus cases (p < 0.01 for models (1) and (2), p < 0.05 for two sub-dimensions in model (3)). Regarding decubitus, our finding might be due to better diagnosis, documentation, and reporting of decubitus cases due to digitalization rather than worse quality. Insignificant and inconclusive results might be due to the indicators' inability to reflect quality variation and digitalization effects between hospitals. For future research, we recommend investigating within hospital effects with longitudinal data.Type:journal articleJournal:Journal of medical systemsVolume:48Issue:1Scopus© Citations 1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The association of hospital profitability and digital maturity – An explorative study using data from the German DigitalRadar project(2024); ;Johannes Hollenbach ;Alexander Haering ;Boris AugurzkyIntroduction German hospitals largely rely on public investments for digitization. As these have been insufficient, hospitals had to use own profits to foster digital transformation. Thus, we assess if profitability affects digital maturity, and what other factors might be influential. Methods We use digital maturity data from the DigitalRadar (DR) project (2021) and financial statement data from the Hospital Rating Report from 2017 to 2019 (n = 860). We run linear regressions with the DR-score (continuous variable from 0 to 100) as dependent and three-year average EBITDA margin as independent variable. Besides, we conduct subgroup analyses stratifying by chain size. Results A one percentage point EBITDA margin increase is associated with a 0.359 points DR-score increase (p<0.01). This relationship holds in significance and holds or increases in magnitude for all specifications except when adding chain beds (0.212 point DR-score increase, p<0.05). Besides, chain membership and chain size are positively and significantly associated with hospitals’ DR-score. EBITDA margins of the subgroups “large chains” and “Big 3″, i.e., the three largest chains, were strongly associated with the DR-score (2.685 and 3.197 points DR-score increase respectively, p<0.01). Conclusions Higher profitability is associated with higher digital maturity. Larger chains are digitally more mature, because (1) they might follow a chain-wide IT-strategy, (2) can standardize IT-architecture, and policies and (3) might cross-finance investments.Type:journal articleJournal:Health PolicyVolume:142Scopus© Citations 13 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Cost-effectiveness of a patient-reported outcome-based remote monitoring and alert intervention for early detection of critical recovery after joint replacement: A randomised controlled trial(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024-10-09) ;Lukas Schöner; ;Laura Wittich ;Viktoria SteinbeckBenedikt LangenbergerBackground While the effectiveness of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as an intervention to impact patient pathways has been established for cancer care, it is unknown for other indications. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a PROM-based monitoring and alert intervention for early detection of critical recovery paths following hip and knee replacement. Methods and findings The cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is based on a multicentre randomised controlled trial encompassing 3,697 patients with hip replacement and 3,110 patients with knee replacement enrolled from 2019 to 2020 in 9 German hospitals. The analysis was conducted with a subset of 546 hip and 492 knee replacement cases with longitudinal cost data from 24 statutory health insurances. Patients were randomised 1:1 to a PROM-based remote monitoring and alert intervention or to a standard care group. All patients were assessed at 12-months post-surgery via digitally collected PROMs. Patients within the intervention group were additionally assessed at 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-surgery to be contacted in case of critical recovery paths. For the effect evaluation, a PROM-based composite measure (PRO-CM) was developed, combining changes across various PROMs in a single index ranging from 0 to 100. The PRO-CM included 6 PROMs focused on quality of life and various aspects of physical and mental health. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The intervention group showed incremental outcomes of 2.54 units PRO-CM (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.93, 4.14]; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002) for patients with hip and 0.87 (95% CI [−0.94, 2.67]; < = 0.347) for patients with knee replacement. Within the 12-months post-surgery period the intervention group had less costs of 376.43€ (95% CI [−639.74, −113.12]; < = 0.005) in patients with hip, and 375.50€ (95% CI [−767.40, 16.39]; = 0.060) in patients with knee replacement, revealing a dominant ICER for both procedures. However, it remains unclear which step of the multistage intervention contributes most to the positive effect. Conclusions The intervention significantly improved patient outcomes at lower costs in patients with hip replacements when compared with standard care. Further it showed a nonsignificant cost reduction in knee replacement patients. This reinforces the notion that PROMs can be utilised as a cost-effective instrument for remote monitoring in standard care settings. Registration: German Register for Clinical Studies (DRKS) under "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"Type:journal articleJournal:PLOS MedicineVolume:21Issue:10Scopus© Citations 11 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The possible benefit of artificial intelligence in an organized population-related screening program : Initial results and perspective(2024-07-17) ;Morant, R ;Gräwingholt, A; ; Mammography screening programs (MSP) have shown that breast cancer can be detected at an earlier stage enabling less invasive treatment and leading to a better survival rate. The considerable numbers of interval breast cancer (IBC) and the additional examinations required, the majority of which turn out not to be cancer, are critically assessed. In recent years companies and universities have used machine learning (ML) to develop powerful algorithms that demonstrate astonishing abilities to read mammograms. Can such algorithms be used to improve the quality of MSP? The original screening mammographies of 251 cases with IBC were retrospectively analyzed using the software ProFound AI® (iCAD) and the results were compared (case score, risk score) with a control group. The relevant current literature was also studied. The distributions of the case scores and the risk scores were markedly shifted to higher risks compared to the control group, comparable to the results of other studies. Retrospective studies as well as our own data show that artificial intelligence (AI) could change our approach to MSP in the future in the direction of personalized screening and could enable a significant reduction in the workload of radiologists, fewer additional examinations and a reduced number of IBCs; however, the results of prospective studies are needed before implementationType:journal articleJournal:Die RadiologieScopus© Citations 2