Jonas Backes
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Item type:Publication, Occupational health interventions' impact on absenteeism and economic returns: A systematic review and meta-analysis.(2025-12-17); ; Objective: Health-related productivity losses impose a significant burden on health systems and economies. Occupational health interventions (OHI) are increasingly promoted as preventive strategies to reduce work-related illness and enhance productivity. However, their effectiveness often remains unclear, creating a lack of guidance to those deciding on their implementation. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of OHI in reducing sickness absenteeism and generating economic returns, focusing on mental health, physical health, and workplace atmosphere interventions (eg, work climate enhancement, leadership training). Methods: A systematic literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guideline was conducted throughout December 2024. Risk of bias was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. A random-effects meta-analysis synthesized OHI effects on sick days and return on investment (ROI). Results: Of 2624 identified studies, 68 across eight industries met eligibility criteria. From these, 23 were included in the meta-analysis: 11 reporting on sick days, and 12 on ROI. OHI were associated with a non-significant reduction in absenteeism [-0.18 days; 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.80-2.43; P=0.890] and a tendency of positive ROI (1.92; 95% CI -0.34-4.17; P=0.096), albeit with statistical uncertainty. Conclusion: We only found effect of OHI on ROI, however, absence effects on sick days do not necessarily imply a lack of effectiveness. We hypothesize that ROI benefits reflect improvements in presenteeism, although not directly measured. Overall, this review guides OHI selection and implementation, urges standardized evaluation, and prioritizes research on presenteeism measurement, non-OECD settings, and qualitative success factors.Type:journal articleJournal:Scandinavian journal of work, environment & healthScopus© Citations 6 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Utilization rates of hip arthroplasty in OECD countries revisedObjective: In 2014, we reported rising hip arthroplasty utilization across Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, particularly among younger patients. Since then, healthcare systems have evolved, demographic shifts are continued, and procedures were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to reassess these trends through 2022. Methods: We analyzed hip arthroplasty data from the OECD Health Statistics, U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample, and World Bank for 27 countries (2005–2022). We compared relative (compound annual growth rates (CAGR)) and absolute (i.e., mean annual differences (MAD)) procedure numbers, stratified by age (≤64 vs. ≥65), and examined associations with GDP, health expenditure, and life expectancy. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for uncertainty in U.S. data. Results: Between 2011 and 2022, hip arthroplasty utilization grew more slowly than 2005–2011 (CAGR: 1.00% vs. 2.03%; MAD: 1.78 vs. 2.03). Growth from 2011 to 2022 was concentrated among patients aged ≤64 (CAGR 3.08%; MAD: 3.11), while utilization declined among those ≥65 (CAGR: −2.27%; MAD: −12.46). Country-level variation narrowed, with the highest-to-lowest ratio falling from 6.65 (2005) to 2.96 (2022). Despite a sharp drop in 2020 due to COVID-19, most countries recovered by 2022. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of observed OECD trends. BRIC nations showed faster growth, but data limitations hindered comparisons. Conclusion: Hip arthroplasty utilization continues to increase among younger patients but has declined in older ones. Continued demographic pressure and recovery from COVID-19 disruptions are expected to drive further increases in procedure volume.Type:journal articleJournal:Osteoarthritis and CartilageScopus© Citations 4 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Utilization rates of knee arthroplasty in OECD countries revisedBackground: In 2015, we reported rapid growth and variation in knee arthroplasty across OECD countries, especially in patients ≤64 years, projecting a four-fold increase by 2030. Since then, clinical practice and external conditions have evolved. This study re-examines trends through 2022 and expands previous analyses. Methods: We analyzed data from 25 OECD countries (2005–2022) using OECD and national sources. Age-specific utilization rates (≤64 vs. ≥65 years) were derived from population-adjusted incidence. We calculated compound annual growth rates (CAGR), mean annual differences (MAD), and tested robustness via sensitivity analyses. We calculated within- and between-country associations of obesity/overweight with utilization. Results: From 2011 to 2022, volume increased (CAGR: +2.33% [2.33; 2.34]; MAD: 37,700 [35,700; 39,600]), although slower than between 2005 and 2011 (CAGR: +4.75% [4.73; 4.78]; MAD: 58,100 [55,500; 60,700]). Patients aged 64 and younger now account for ∼50% of procedures (CAGR: +4.46% [4.28; 5.81]; MAD: 32,300 [30,700; 33,900]), while growth slowed in older adults (CAGR: +0.61% [0.60; 0.61]; MAD: 5400 [5000; 5700]). A percentage point rise in obesity was linked to +1.1–1.9% higher utilization, stronger in older cohorts and lower-income settings. COVID-19 led to around −22% (∼406,500 [386,600; 426,300] procedures) drop in 2020, followed by a faster recovery in younger adults. Growth remains below our original projection in 2015. Conclusion: Growth to 2022 has fallen short of the earlier 2015 projection. Still, utilization remains on an upward trajectory, with a growing share of procedures among younger patients, now accounting for >50% of volume. Cross-country variation has narrowed vs. our earlier analysis, with lower volume countries catching up. Obesity remains associated with higher utilization, with the strengths of this association varying by national income. Post-COVID-19 recovery patterns are consistent with sustained demand and higher relative contribution from younger, lower-risk populations.Type:journal-articleJournal:Osteoarthritis and Cartilage - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Nationales Monitoringsystem zur Qualität der Leistungen im Gesundheitswesen: Empfehlungen zu den Inhalten und dem Nutzerkreis(2025-10-31); ; ;