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    Visualization Use in Process Mining Analysis
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2026-06-09) ; ;
    Process mining analysis relies on visual representations to support analysts in analyzing and improving processes. While a wide range of visualizations has been proposed, little empirical evidence exists on how these representations are actually used in practice. This paper investigates how analysts use visualizations during process mining analysis, based on an observational study with 33 participants. We encoded the analysts’ interactions and thought processes and analyzed the use of visualizations over time, and in relation to both the focus of the analysis and the analytical tasks being performed. Our findings are twofold. We first describe the use of 12 distinct visualization types, and highlight a strong dominance of network-based representations, particularly for flow-oriented analysis and core analytical tasks such as exploration and descriptive modeling. Second, we uncover perceived difficulties in visualization use that expose limitations of their current implementation in existing tools. The findings of our analysis provide a sound foundation for the design of more effective, user-centered visualizations for process mining.
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