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    Poor Industry Conditions as an External Disciplining Mechanism in Takeovers
    (2023-03-08)
    Fidrmuc, Jana
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    Research Question/Issue: Many mergers destroy shareholder value because managers waste corporate resources to pursue private benefits. This paper considers poor conditions in the acquirer industry as a novel external disciplining mechanism that mitigates agency problems in takeovers. Research Findings/Insights: Using textual analysis, we build a new measure of industry conditions based on acquirer peers' 10-K statements. We link this measure to acquirer announcement abnormal returns and find that more negative industry conditions are associated with higher abnormal returns. Theoretical/Academic Implications: Our results suggest that poor industry conditions impose discipline on managers who then tend to focus on deals that create value for acquirer shareholders. Practitioner/Policy Implications: Shareholders can rely on better alignment of interests with their managers during poorer industry conditions. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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    Scopus© Citations 1
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    How do leveraged buyouts affect industry peers? Analysis of the information and the competition channels
    Our paper provides a contribution to the literature on peer effects in leveraged buyouts and delivers an explanation for the seemingly contradicting findings in the existing literature. We find that the average peer announcement CAR amounts to −1.98%. A buyout may reveal private information about peer value and can also change in the competition within the buyout target industry. Our identification strategy to examine the information and competition channels relies on two quasi-natural experiments, which generate exogenous variation in the information and competition environments. In addition, we analyze various mechanisms within these two channels by considering the cross-section of peer CARs and by running additional tests. Our results support the revaluation and the competitive pressure hypotheses.
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    Scopus© Citations 2
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    Connected VCs and strategic alliances: Evidence from biotech companies
    (2021-02)
    Brinster, Leonhard
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    We study a new channel through which portfolio companies benefit from ties among venture capitalists (VCs). By tracing individual VCs' investment and syndication histories, we show that VCs' ties improve companies' access to strategic alliance partners. While existing studies demonstrate that alliances are more frequent among companies sharing the same VC, we provide evidence that alliances are also more frequent among companies indirectly connected through VC syndication networks. In addition, our results suggest that VCs' ties mitigate asymmetric information problems that arise when alliances are formed. Finally, strategic alliances between companies from connected VCs' portfolios tend to perform well. We demonstrate that this type of alliance is associated with higher IPO chances. We also address alternative explanations and related endogeneity concerns.
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    Scopus© Citations 13
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    IPO withdrawals: Are corporate governance and VC characteristics the guiding light in the rough sea of volatile markets?
    (2021-04)
    Reiff, Annika
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    More than 25% of all US firms that file for an IPO withdraw their offering from registration. Our study, which includes 3438 US domestic first-time IPO filings between 1997 and 2014, examines whether in times of high market volatility, high-quality corporate governance and VC backing may serve as a signal and thus reduce the withdrawal probability. Our results from an interaction term analysis support the view that corporate governance characteristics, but not the VC backing per se, tend to provide signals in highly volatile markets. In addition, our paper delves into the effect of VC characteristics. Local VCs tend to reduce the withdrawal probability. The same holds for VC syndication, particularly in highly volatile markets. Finally, our findings lend support to the conclusion that in highly volatile environments, reputable VCs tend to follow the dual-track strategy or postpone the IPO of their portfolio firms more often than in less volatile markets.
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    Scopus© Citations 24
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    The role of strategic alliances in VC exits: evidence from the biotechnology industry
    (2020-08-20)
    Brinster, Leonhard
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    Hopp, Christian
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    n this study, we analyze the impact of strategic alliances on VC exits. We explicitly ask whether strategic alliances may serve as a certifying device for new potential investors and whether the role alliances play differs in IPO and M&As. We hypothesize that strategic alliances serve as a certifying device particularly in instances with many uninformed buyers (IPOs) but not when there is a single buyer (M&As). To empirically test this hypothesis, we draw on a sample of 663 US VC-backed biotechnology companies founded between 2004 and 2008. We explicitly control for observed and unobserved heterogeneity in our cohort sample, alleviate concerns relating to self-selection into alliance activity, and assuage methodological concerns with respect to censoring. Our findings suggest that alliances improve the probability of successful exits for IPOs, but not for M&As. Moreover, we find a smaller effect than prior studies do.
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    Scopus© Citations 5
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    Retail Customer Reactions to Private Equity Acquisitions
    Acquisition announcements by private equity funds are associated with significant reductions in customer visits to target firm outlets. These reductions occur in primary but not in secondary buyouts. The decrease is unlikely to be due to operational changes, as it takes place at announcement and reverses following deal completion. The decrease is larger for more salient deals and for outlets facing more competition, and smaller in areas with higher income, stock market participation, and self-employment rates. Customer and employee reviews do not become more negative. Survey results show that consumers view private equity ownership more negatively than other ownership types.
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    Retail Customer Reactions to Private Equity Acquisitions *
    Acquisition announcements by private equity funds are associated with significant reductions in customer visits to target firm outlets, measured using aggregated mobile phone data. These reductions occur in primary but not in secondary buyouts. Customer reviews do not become more negative. Following deal completion, the customer losses are reversed. Thus, the initial decrease is unlikely to be the consequence of operational changes. The decrease in visits is smaller in areas with higher economic connectedness, income, stock market participation, and self-employment rates, and larger in altruistic, Republican-voting and individualistic regions. The decrease is also larger for outlets facing more competition.
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